A bit of history on math
(it probably won't be thaaaat long)

Death of Alexander the Great and The Rise of Hellenism (c. 600 BC - 400 AD)

Around 600 BC - 400 AD, the first classical "Hellenistic period" (basically the period after Alexander the Great's death; Hellenism = Greek culture) occurred, and Greek philosophers like Thales, Pythagoras, and such introduced the abstract way of thinking and general theorems (theories). Euclid (Greek mathematician) around 300 BC wrote Elements, standardized geometry logic and the number theory into everyday life, and Archimedes (Greek mathematician and physicist) later calculated π (pi) and developed calculus precursors (a person or thing that comes before another of the same kind); he also studied levers/buoyancy (the ability or tendency to float in water or air or some other fluid, basically ship-type of stuff). Apollonius (yet another mathematician) studied conic sections (a curve obtained from a cone's surface)​.

Rise of Medievalism and The Islamic Golden Age (c. 400 - 1400 AD)​

After the rise of Medievalism in India, Brahmagupta (Indian mathematician and astronomer) in the 7th century (600s) formalized the rules/ideas of zero and negative numbers (integers).

Meanwhile, in the Islamic world (Middle East), Al-Khwarizmi (another mathematician) in the 9th century (800s) wrote Kitab al-Jabr, now formalizing algebra as a part of math and not an independent subject.

(I skipped through the Renaissance and Early Modern Era because it's going to get wayyy too long.)

The Rise of Modern-Day Science: Alchemy's fall from grace (17th century - present)

Newton (Isaac Newton) and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz BOTH independently developed their own theories of calculus, and René Descartes (French philosopher and scientist) made up the analytic geometry theory and merged algebra and geometry (17th century/1600s).

That is the brief history of math from 600 BC to the modern day